1) When / While (as) - Past Simple – Past continuous 2) Present Perfect Tense

Past Simple Tense Simple Past Tense asıl olarak geçmişteki olayları anlatmak için kullanılır. Türkçe’deki “di’li geçmiş zaman”ın karşılığıdır. E.g. - I played tennis yesterday. Judy watched TV last night.

Positive (+) Negative (-) Ouestion (?) I played tennis I didn’t play tennis Did I play tennis? You played tennis You didn’t play tennis Did you play tennis? We played tennis We didn’t play tennis Did we play tennis? They played tennis They didn’t play tennis Did they play tennis? He played tennis He didn’t play tennis Did he play tennis? She played tennis She didn’t play tennis Did she play tennis? It played tennis It didn’t play tennis Did it play tennis?

Past Continuous Tense Past Continuous Tense, geçmiş zamanda belli bir süre içinde yapılan olayları anlatmak için kullanılmaktadır. My grandfather was watching TV last night.

Past Continuous + When + Past Simple Daha uzun olan eylemi yarıda kesen eylem genelde when + Simple Past tense ile ifade edilir. Cümle içinde daima “when”den sonra Simple Past Tense (V2) gelir. E.g. I was watching TV when she called.

Past Simple + While + Past Continuous Aynı şekilde bir olay gerçekleştiği anda süregelen diğer olayı “while” ile anlatırız. “While” dan sonra her zaman past continuous tense (Ving) gelir. E.g. Simon came in while it was raining.

Exercise: Fill in the blanks with “when” or “while” Paul cooked the dinner ______ we were having wine in the terrace. _______ the door bell rang, I was sleeping. She had an accident _______ she was driving on icy road. He wrote six novels _______ he was living in Spain. It was raining heavily ______ we left the building. I was reading the report ________ you called on the phone. ________ I saw him, he was going out to have lunch. We took lots of photos _______ we were touring in Ephesus.

1. When the accident _____________,. she was walking with her dog 1. When the accident _____________, she was walking with her dog. (happen)

2. While Nancy was reading a book, telephone________. (ring)

3. While Tom was swimming in the sea, he__________a dolphin. (see)

4.Tony__________________ to music when Nancy came. (listen)

6. When the electricity went off, I _________________a letter. (write)

3. Mary__________________________. when the doorbell rang 3.Mary__________________________ when the doorbell rang. (do her homework)

Present Perfect Tense Present Perfect Tense’in Türkçe’de tam karşılığı yoktur. Bu tense İngilizce’de şu koşullarda kullanılır: Geçmişte gerçekleşmiş fakat zamanı belli olmayan eylemleri anlatırken… E.g. I have worked at that company.

2) Geçmişte gerçekleşmiş ve hala süren eylemleri anlatırken… E.g. Jane has been teacher for five years. (Jane beş yıl önce öğretmenliğe başlamış anlamı vardır.)

3) Yakın geçmişte gerçekleşmiş ve etkisi hala devam eden eylemleri anlatırken: E.g. I have broken my watch so I don’t know what time is it..

For & Since * “for” ve “since” present perfect tense ile birlikte kullandığımız zaman zarflarıdır. FOR; eylemin ne kadar sürdüğünü belirtir. SINCE; eylemin ne zaman başladığını bildirir. E.g. I have lived in Ankara for ten years. We have produced this jeans since 1879.

Just – Already - Yet “Yet” olumsuz ve soru cümlelerinde kullanılır. “Daha” anlamını verir. E.g. Have you finished your homework yet? - No, I haven’t finished it yet. (Yet cümle sonlarında kullanılır.) “Just” cümleye “henüz, biraz önce” anlamını verir. - Yes, I have just finished it. “Already” cümleye “çoktan” anlamını verir. - Yes, I have already finished it. (Just ve already yard. fiil ile fiil arasında kullanılır.)

never & ever Never ve ever kullanıldığı fiile hiç anlamını verir. Fakat kullanım yerleri farklıdır. “Ever” soru cümlelerinde… “Never” olumsuz cümlelerde kullanılır: E.g. Have you ever been to China before? - No, I have never been to China before.

Exercise: Fill in the blanks with suitable form of present perfect tense. 1) Emma ________ this film on TV. (not/to see) 2) When ______she _______the office? (to phone) 3) _______ the Millers _________ yet? (to arrive) 4) John __________ on a trip through Alaska. (not/to go) 5) ________they ever _______ to New York? (to be) 6) Andy _________ his sister's bike. (not/to repair) 7) What ______ you ________ in the kitchen? (to drop) 8) I ____________ a new laptop. (to buy) 9) ______ Toby _______ his blue pen? (to find) 10) The students ____________ their homework. (not/to forget) 11 ) A: Did you like the movie "Star Wars?" B: I don't know. I ___________ that movie. (see, never) 12) My best friend and I ________ each other for over fifteen years. (know)