PRESENT PERFECT TENSE Yakın Geçmiş Zaman

WHERE DO WE USE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE ????

1) Geçmişte başlamış ve şu anda devam eden eylemler I have had a flu. We have learned English.

2) Yakın geçmişte tamamlanmış ancak etkisi hala görülebilen ya da hissedilebilen eylemler My mother has made a cake. I have finished my homework.

3) Geçmişte yapılmış ancak zamanı belli olmayan eylemler We have watched Hababam Sınıfı twenty times. There have been many earthquakes in Turkey.

4) Geçmişteki tecrübelerimiz, alışkanlıklarımız, başarılarımızdan bahsederken I have read plenty of books in my life. Our school has won a lot of awards until now.

FORM OF PRESENT PERFECT TENSE ÖzneYardımcı FiilFiilin 3. Hali (past participle) Ihave studied seen English. many places. Youhave He /She /It Ali /Ayşe has We have You They POSITIVE

NEGATIVE ÖzneYardımcı Fiil NOTFiilin 3. Hali (past participle) Ihave not (‘ve not) learned been to Germany. space. Youhave not (‘ve not) He /She/Ithas not (‘s not) We have not (‘ve not) You They

Yardımcı FiilÖzneFiilin 3. Hali (past participle) HaveI been to killed England? an animal? HaveYou Has He /She /It Have We You They QUESTION

ANSWER YES / NOÖzneYardımcı fiilFiilin 3. Hali (past participle) Yes,I we they have learned Germany. been to Paris. He / she / ithas No.I we they Have not (‘ve not) He / she / it has not (‘s not)

HAVE YOU EVER / NEVER….? Have you ever seen a ghost? No, I have never seen. Have you ever traveled by plane? Yes, I have traveled once. Have they ever had a party in their house? Yes, they have had a few times.

BEEN TO / GONE TO BEEN TO bir yerde daha önce bulunuldu ğ undan ancak bunun geçmi ş te kaldı ğ ından bahseder.  I have been to Netherlands.  My mother has been to Van and I ğ dır. GONE TO bir yere gidildi ğ inden ve hala orada bulunuldu ğ undan bahseder.  My parents have gone to abroad for this weekend.  My brother has gone to university.

Just / already/ still / yet JUST : Bir eylemin henüz / çok yakın bir süre önce bitti ğ inden bahsederken kullanılır.  I have just read my English novel.  My father has just come home.

ALREADY: Bir eylemin çoktan yapıldı ğ ını bahsederken kullanılır.  Our boss has given our salaries.  The cat has already run away.

STILL: Bir eylemin hala bitmedi ğ inden, ya da devam etti ğ inden bahsederken kullanılır.  I haven’t still received your letter.  I have still hidden the messages from my friend

YET: Bir eylemin henüz yapılmadı ğ ından bahseder. Olumsuz ve soru cümleleriyle kullanılır.  The weather hasn’t changed, yet.  My old computer hasn’t broken down, yet.  Haven’t you done your homework yet?  No, I haven’t done.