RELATIVE CLAUSES WHOSE WHOM WHERE WHEN DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES

WHOSE Tanımlayacağımız isim, tanımlayan cümlede iyelik(sahiplik) bildiriyorsa, hem insanlar hem de nesneler için whose kullanılabilir. whose

WHOSE My, her, our, ….. gibi iyelik sıfatlarının yerine kullanılır. Romeo and Juliet were two lovers. Their parents hated each other. = Romeo and Juliet, whose parents hated each other, were two lovers.

WHOSE The chair must be thrown away. Its legs are broken. = The chair whose legs are broken must be thrown away. Annesi banakada çalısan kız tatil için para biriktiriyor. = The girl whose mother Works in a bank is saving money for her holiday.

WHOSE Lastigi patlak olan otobüs bu istasyonda 2 saat bekleyecek. = The bus whose tyre is flat will wait at this station for 2 hours.

WHOM Him, them, us, ….. gibi nesne durumundaki sahıs zamirlerinin yerine kullanılır. The man was Mr. Jones. I met him yesterday. = The man whom (who) (that) I met yesterday was Mr. Jones.

WHOM My sister whom (who) (that) you’ve met once, will come to visit me tomorrow. The woman whom (who) (that) I told you about is over there. *** Yukarıdaki 3 örnek cümlede de relative pronoun’lar, ardlarından isim geldigi için atılabilir.

WHERE Tanımladığımız isim, tanımlayan cümlede yer bildiriyorsa, relative kelimesi olarak “where” kullanırız. I like the hotel. We stayed there last summer. I like the hotel where we stayed last summer.

WHERE I know the hospital. He works in the hospital. I know the hospital where he works. A cinema is a place. We can see films there. A cinema is a place where we can see films.

WHERE He liked the seaside resort. We spent our holiday there. He liked the seaside resort where we spent our holiday. The city is full of tourists. He lives there now. The city where he lives now is full of tourists.

WHERE EĞER NİTELEDİĞİMİZ İSİM CÜMLEDE ÖZNE VEYA NESNE KONUMUNDA OLUP DA “YER” (in the garden, at school..” BİLDİRMİYORSA “WHERE” KULLANILMAZ. Bir ismi tanımlarken where kullanılmaz. When ve where yalnızca yer ve zaman(ör: at the cinema, in the room, gibi) belirtirken kullanılır.

WHERE      My father likes the house . It has a big garden.  (tanımlama cümlesi)      My father likes the house which /that has a big garden.  

WHERE My father likes the house. He was born in that house . (yer bildiriyor) My father likes the house where he was born.

WHEN Tanımladığımız isim, tanımlayan cümlede “the year, that day, on that day, in that year, on that hour” gibi zaman bildiriyorsa, relative kelimesi olarak “”WHEN” kullanılır. 1453 is the year. Fatih conquered İstanbul in that year. 1453 is the year when Fatih conquered İstanbul

WHEN I will never forget the day . I met her on that day.      I will never forget the day when I met her .

WHEN Bir ismi tanımlarken when kullanılmaz.When yalnızca ZAMAN (on Tuesday, in the year gibi) belirtirken kullanılır. 1989 is the year. I met her in that year. (zaman bildiriyor) 1989 is the year when I met her.

WHEN - WHICH      1989 is the year . I can’t forget it .  (tanımlama cümlesi)       1989 is the year which / that I can’t forget.

NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSE Önceden tanımlanan veya bilinen isimleri tanımlarken eğer Relative Clause yapısı kullanırsak virgül kullanılması gerekir.Bu tür yapılara Non-Defining Relative Clause yapısı denir

NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSE İstanbul, where I live , is wonderful.  (İstanbul zaten bilinen bir isim. Yani where I live tümcesi çıkarıldığında anlamda bozulma olmaz)

NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSE The city where I live is wonderful.            (the city ama hangi city? Bunu belirtmek için kullandığımız relative clause yapısı çok önemli. Yani                                                       where I live tümcesi çıkarıldığında anlamda bozulma olur.)

NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSE      The woman who lives next door is a nurse.     (defining) (gerekli bilgi)       Mrs.Brown, who lives next door, is a nurse.    (non-definig)  (ekstra bilgi)

NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSE       A person who lives in İstanbul may have a lot of problems.       My brother Yılmaz, who lives in İstanbul, is a computer technican.

NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSE Tanımlanmış isimler       A father who is very strict with his children is not approved much.       My father , who works in Kazakhistan, is not a strict person.

NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSE       We stayed at a hotel which a friend of mine recommended us.       We stayed at that hotel, which a friend of mine recommended us.

NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSE      The cell phone which is on the sofa belongs to me.       The red cell phone, which is on the sofa, belongs to me

EXAMPLES My sister, who is 25, will get married next week.      My friend Mehmet, whose son you have met, is an English teacher.      Mr. James, whom I have been working with for 10 years, is a very intelligent man.     Ankara, where millions of people live, has many problems to settle.

EXAMPLES       A city where millions of people live may probably have many problems.       I need a friend whom I can always trust.      I need my friend Ali, whom I can always trust.

Miktar İfadeleri (Expressions of Quantity) Relative Clause,  “of” içeren miktar ifadeleri içerebilir: some of, many of, most of, none of, two of, half of, both of, neither of, each of, several of, a few of, little of, a number of…gibi. Bu ifadeler kullanıldığında sadece “whom, which, whose” kullanabilir. Her zaman virgül kullanılır.

Miktar İfadeleri (Expressions of Quantity)       In my English class there are 10 students . Most of them are from İzmir.        In my English class there are 10 students, most of whom are from İstanbul. 

Miktar İfadeleri (Expressions of Quantity)       I bought five books.  Two of them are about music.        I bought five books, two of which are about music .

Miktar İfadeleri (Expressions of Quantity)       They talked about Mary . One of her problems was coming to class late.       They talked about Mary, one of whose problems was coming to class late. 

Miktar İfadeleri (Expressions of Quantity)      She received two job offers, neither of which she accepted.       I have three sisters, all of  whom are living in İstanbul.      Shakespeare is one of the writers, most of whose works are still very popular nowadays. 

Miktar İfadeleri (Expressions of Quantity) She tried five pairs of shoes, none of which she liked. The new school has 500 hundred students, many of whom are boys. Last night we watched a romantic movie, one of  whose scenes I will never forget. 

RELATIVE CLAUSES A POWERPOINT BY EZEL BALLI SİVEREK ANATOLIAN TEACHER TRAINING HIGH SCHOOL 2010