Noun Clauses Gökçen Ünsal 1090610144

İsim cümleciği, bir cümlede isim görevi üstlenen cümleciktir *İsim cümleciği, bir cümlede isim görevi üstlenen cümleciktir. Özne ya da nesne konumunda yer alabilir. Üç grupta incelenebilir: Noun clauses beginning with “that”, Noun clauses beginning with a question word, Noun clauses beginning with “whether/if”.

A) Noun Clauses Beginning With “THAT”: Düz cümleleri isim cümleciği yaparken cümleciğin başına “that” getirilir. Eğer isim cümleciği kullanıldığı cümlede nesne durumunda ise “that” kullanılmayabilir. a) As subject: e.g. Statement: He invented a new device. This is great. N.C.: THAT he invented a new device is great.

b) As object: e. g. Statement: Our rivals have dropped their prices b) As object: e.g. Statement: Our rivals have dropped their prices. We suspect this. N.C.: We suspect (THAT) our rivals have dropped their prices.

That clause yaygın olarak aşağıdaki yapılarda kullanılır: a) Bazı sıfatlardan sonra: List: afraid, apparent, anxious, certain, happy, likely, obvious, sorry, surprised, sure,etc.

e. g. I’m surprised that the news made everybody happy e.g. *I’m surprised that the news made everybody happy. *We are all afraid that the final exam will be difficult.

b) Bazı isimlerden sonra: List: belief, assumption, conclusion, hope, fact, opinion, possibility,theory, suggestion,etc.

e. g. It’s widely accepted belief that moderation is the best policy e.g.* It’s widely accepted belief that moderation is the best policy. *My hope is that we may visit in Boston.

c) Bazı fiillerden sonra: List: accept, argue, ask(wh), believe(wh), complain, consider(wh), decide(wh), deny, estimate(wh), guess, hope, indicate, remember(wh), think(wh),etc.

e.g. *She decided that she would leave her money to her nephew.

NOT: Yanlarında “wh” bulunan fiillerden sonra soru kelimeleri ile başlayan isim cümlecikleri de gelebilir.

e.g. *She asked where she had to wait.

d) “The fact”ten sonra: Eğer “that clause” yer-durum bildiren ifadelerden(prepositions) sonra kullanılacaksa “the fact that” kullanılmalıdır.

e.g. *The judge paid no attention TO THE FACT THAT she had just lost her husband.

B) Noun Clauses Beginnig With “WHETHER/IF”: “Or not” ifadesi ya whether’dan hemen sonra ya da isim cümleciğinin sonunda kullanılabilir. Fakat “if”ten hemen sonra “or not” kullanılmaz. Her iki durumda da “or not” kullanılmasa da cümlenin anlamı değişmez.

a) As subject: Bu yapıda “if” başta kullanılmaz. e. g a) As subject: Bu yapıda “if” başta kullanılmaz. e.g.* Whether or not he is going to Japan isn’t known. b) As object: e.g. *She wants to know whether the fast train stops at Burton or not.

C) Noun Clauses Beginning With A Question Word(what, who, when, why, etc. ) e.g.* When the train arrives in York is unknown. *I wondered what happened. *I don’t know which team has won.

Noun Clauses As Subject Complement e. g Noun Clauses As Subject Complement e.g. *WHAT surprises me is THAT she is successfulin her field. *THE REASON WHY he didn’t come with us was THAT he was ill.

Noun Clauses As An Appositive To A Noun List: argument, belief, cahnce, claim, doubt, idea, possibility, point of view, etc.

e. g. Our doubt whether he has been embezzling must be investigated. e e.g.* Our doubt whether he has been embezzling must be investigated. e.g. * The possibility that the old lady has been murdered by her own son can’t be ruled out.

The Subjunctive Form In Noun Clauses (İstek-Dilek-Şart-Gereklilik Kipi) İngilizce’de bazı sıfat ve fiillerden sonra,ya infinitive’in yalın şekli(subjunctive) ya da “should” modal yapısı kullanılır. Temel cümlenin yüklemi “past” bile olsa isim cümleciğindeki ”should” değişmez.

a) Bazı fiiller: Advise Agree Ask Demand Insist Order Persuade Recommend Suggest Want Warn a) Bazı fiiller:

Amazing Advisable Best Certain Important Necessary Obligatory Ridiculous Vital b) Bazı sıfatlar:

e.g. *The committee RECOMMENDED THAT the company INVEST in new property. *It is IMPORTANT THAT every child HAVE the same educational opportunities. * I insist that he NOT BE so rude.

The headmaster WARNED THAT the meeting BE HELD as soon as possible * The headmaster WARNED THAT the meeting BE HELD as soon as possible. * It is APPROPRIATE THAT she BE GIVEN the award. * It is amazing that she NOT CHANGE her mind.

Reduction Of Noun Clauses İsim cümlecikleri, “what, where, how, when” gibi bir soru kelimesi ya da “whether” ile başlıyorsa ve temel cümlenin öznesi ile isim cümleciğinin öznesi aynı ise isim cümleciği kısaltılarak “Question Word + TO V1” ,”Whether + TO V1” şeklinde ifade edilebilir.

-Ancak kısaltma yaparken tense gözönüne alınmalıdır -Ancak kısaltma yaparken tense gözönüne alınmalıdır. Eğer “can, could, should, will, must, have to” içeriyorsa kısaltılabilir. e.g. * I don’t know what to do.

NOT: Eğer temel cümlenin nesnesiyle isim cümleciğinin öznesi aynıysa bu durumda da kısaltma yapılabilir. e.g.* We told them HOW TO GET to our new house.

NOT: İsim cümleciği “if” ile başladığında kısaltma yapılamaz ancak “whether” ile yapılabilir. We can’t decide WHETHER TO GO on a holiday.

NOT: İsim cümleciği “why” ile başlıyorsa kısaltma yapılamaz.