ME 199 ENGINE COURSE Asist. Prof. Dr. Fuat YILMAZ UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

Engine  An engine is a machine designed to convert energy into useful mechanical motion. Heat engines, including internal combustion engines and external combustion engines (such as steam engines) burn a fuel to create heat which is then used to create motion. UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

Piston engines all have the same basic parts  Differences in design  Engine classifications  Cylinder arrangement  Cooling system  Valve location and cam location  Combustion  Power type  Ignition system  Number of strokes per cycle UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

Cylinder Arrangement Cylinders are arranged in several ways  In-line: all cylinders arranged in one row UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

“V” arrangement: cylinders are cast in two rows UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

Flat engine / the boxer / horizontally opposed engine UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

W engine UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

The radial engine \ star engine UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

According to the stroke cycle two-stroke and four-stroke engine Note: Three stroke cycles and six stroke cycles were also tried in early engine development. UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

two-stroke UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

four-stroke engine UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

According to used fuel, Engines can be classified  Gasoline Engines  Diesel Engines  LPG Engines UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

the strokeA gasoline engineA diesel engine the intake strokeintakes a mixture of gas and air into the cylinders, takes in just air, the compression stroke compresses gas and air compresses just air the expansion or power stroke and ignites the mixture with a spark and then injects fuel into the compressed air to burn. the exhaust strokedrive the exhaust gases through the exhaust valve Comparision of Gasoline and Diesel Engines UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

According to the place of the fuel combustion  internal combustion engines  external combustion engines According to the number of cylinder  Single cylinder  Multi-cylinder According to the engine cooling  Air-cooled and  Water cooled UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

According to the Air Intake Process  Naturally Aspirated : No intake air pressure boosts system.  Super charged : Intake air pressure increased with the compressor driven off of the engine crankshaft.  Turbo charged : Intake air pressure increased with the turbine compressor driven by the engine exhaust gases.  Crankcase compressed : Two-stroke cycle engine which uses the crankcase as the intake air compressor. Limited development work has also been done on design and construction of four- stroke cycle engines with crank case compression. UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

firing order UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

Wankel Engine Intake The fuel/air mixture is drawn in the intake port during this phase of the rotation. Compression The mixture is compressed here. Power The mixture burns here, driving the rotor around. Exhaust And the exhaust is expelled here. UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

Engine components Engine Block or Cylinder block : Body of engine containing the cylinders made of cast iron or aluminum. Silindir bloğu : İçinde silindirlerin bulunduğu ve motor parçalarını üzerinde taşıyan ana parçadır. UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

Head : The piece that closes the end of cylinders, usually containing part of the clearance volume of the combustion chamber. Silindir kapağı : Silindir bloğu üzerini kapatan ve yanma odalarını meydana getiren kapaktır. UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

Crankcase: Part of the engine block surrounding the rotating crankshaft in many engines the oil pan makes up part of the crankcase housing. Karter : Motor yağına depoluk görevi gören, silindir bloğunun altındaki parçadır. UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

Valve Cover are covers that are bolted on over rocker arms. Supap kapağı :Motor üzerindeki supap (külbütör) mekanizmasını dış etkilerden korur. UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

Radiator : Liquid to air heat exchanger of honey comb construction used to remove heat from the engine coolant after the engine has been cooled. Radyatör : Soğutma suyunun bulunduğu depo. UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

Carburetor :Venturi flow device that meters the proper amount of fuel into the air flow by means of pressure differential. Karbüratör : Benzin-hava karışımını sağlayan parça. UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

Air Filter : An air filter is a device composed of fibrous materials which removes solid particulates such as dust, pollen from the air. Hava Filitresi : Silindirlere giren havayı temizler. UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

Exhaust Manifold : Piping systems that carries exhaust gases away from the engine cylinders. Intake Manifold : Piping system that delivers incoming air to the cylinders. Manifoldlar (emme-egzoz) : Hava yakıt karışımını silindirlere, yanmış gazları dışarıya taşıyan borulardır. UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

Oil filter : An oil filter is a filter designed to remove contaminants from engine oil. Yağ Filitresi : Motor yağı içindeki yabancı maddeleri temizler. UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

Ignition coil : An ignition coil (also called a spark coil) is an induction coil in an automobile's ignition system which transforms the battery's low voltage to the thousands of volts needed to create an electric spark in the spark plugs to ignite the fuel. Endüksiyon bobini (Ateşleme): Aküden gelen akımı volta yükselten parçadır. UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

Spark plug : Electrical device used to initiate combustion in an SI engine by creating a high voltage discharge spark across an electrode gap. Buji : Benzin-hava karışımını tutuşturan parçadır. UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

Voltage Regulator : A Voltage Regulator regulates the charging voltage that the alternator produces, keeping it approximately 12 volts to protect the electrical components throughout the vehicle. Konjektör (regülatör) : Şarj dinamosunun ürettiği elektriği doğru akıma çeviren ve 12 volt değerinde düzenleyen parçadır. UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

Fuel Injector : A pressurized nozzle sprays fuel into the cylinder on CI engines. Enjektör : Dizel motorlarda yakıt püskürten parçadır. UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

Crankshaft : Rotating shaft through which engine work output is supplied to external systems. The crankshaft is connected to the engine block with the main bearings. It is rotated by the reciprocating pistons through connecting rods connected to the crankshaft, offset from the axis of rotation. Krank mili : Pistonların bağlı olduğu, motorun çalışması sonucu elde edilen hareketin ve gücün motordan alınmasına yarayan mildir. UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

Piston : The cylindrically shaped mass that reciprocates back and forth in the cylinder transmitting the pressure forces in the combustion chamber rotating the crankshaft. Some pistons contain an indented bowl in the crown which makes up a large percent of clearance volume. Piston : Silindir içerisinde hareket eden ve hareketi krank miline iletmesine yardımcı olan parçadır. UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

Connecting rod : the connecting rod connects the piston to the crank or crankshaft. Together with the crank, they form a simple mechanism that converts linear motion into rotating motion. Piston (biyel) kolu : Pistonun doğrusal hareketini krank miline ileten parçadır. UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

Oil pump : Pump used to distribute oil from the oil sump to required lubrication points. The oil pump can be electrically driven but in most cases it is mechanically driven by the engine. Yağ pompası : Karterdeki yağı basınçla hareketli parçalara gönderir. UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

Fuel pump : Electrically or mechanically driven pump to supply fuel from the fuel tank (reservoir) to the engine. Yakıt pompası (benzin otomatiği) : Yakıtı basınçla karbüratöre gönderen parça. UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

Distributor : A distributor is a device in the ignition system of an internal combustion engine that routes high voltage from the ignition coil to the spark plugs in the correct firing order. Distribütör : Benzinli motorlarda ateşleme sırasına göre bujilere elektrik enerjisi gönderen parçadır. UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

Starter : Several methods are used to start IC engines. Most are started by use of electric motor (starter) gear to the engine flywheel. Energy is supplied from an electric battery. Marş motoru : Motora ilk hareket veren parçadır. Elektrik enerjisini hareket enerjisine çevirir. UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

Alternator: Alternator is used in automobiles to charge the battery and to power the electrical system when its engine is running. Alternatör (şarj dinamosu) : Araç için gerekli elektrik enerjisini üreten parçadır. Hareket enerjisini elektrik enerjisine çevirir. UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

Water pump : Pump used to circulate engine coolant through the engine and radiator. It is usually mechanically run off the engine. Su pompası (devirdaim) : Suyun silindir içindeki kanallarda dolaşmasını sağlar. UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

Injection Pump : An Injection Pump is the device that pumps fuel into the cylinders of a diesel engine. Enjektör pompası : Dizel motorlarda yakıtı basınçla enjektörlere gönderen parçadır. UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

Camshaft : Rotating shaft used to push open valves at the proper time in the engine cycle either directly or through mechanical or hydraulic linkage (push rods, rocker arms, and tappets). Kam (eksantrik) mili : Krank milinden aldığı hareketle bazı motor sistemlerinin çalışmasını sağlayan parçadır. UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

Valves : Used to allow flow into and out of the cylinder at the proper time in the cycle. Supaplar : Yakıtın silindirlere alınmasını (emme), egzoz gazlarının silindirden atılmasını sağlayan parçadır (egzoz). UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

Piston rings : The purpose of the rings is to form a seal between the piston and cylinder walls and to restrict the high pressure gases in the combustion chamber from leaking pass the piston into the crank cars. Below the compression rings on the piston is at least one oil ring, which assists in lubricating the cylinder walls and scrapes away excess oil to reduce oil consumption. Segmanlar: Pistonlar üzerinde bulunan hareketli parçalar arasında sızdırmazlığı sağlar. Segmanlar veya silindir odası aşındıgında motor yağ yakar ve egsozdan mavi duman çıkar. UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

Flywheel : Rotating mass with large moment of inertia connected to the crankshaft of the engine. The purpose of the flywheel is to store energy and furnish a large angular momentum that that keeps the engine rotating between power strokes and smoothes out engine operation. Volan : Krank miline bağlı krankın hareketi ile direkt dönen ve ateşleme zamanında aldığı gücü diğer zamanlarda motorun dönmesi için harcayarak hareketinni devamlılığını sağlayan büyük silindirik dişlidir.Krank mili ile birlikte motorun dengesini saglar. UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

Cylinders : The circular cylinders in the engine block in which the pistons reciprocate back and forth. UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

Valve Springs: Keeps the valves Closed. UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ

UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEP ME 199 ENGINE COURSE MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ASSIST. PROF. DR. FUAT YILMAZ