Turkish phonetics Ebru Arısoy Levent Arslan Mine Nakipoglu Demiralp Hazım Kemal Ekenel Meltem Kelepir Hasan Mesut Meral A. Sumru Özsoy Ömer Şayli Oytun.

... konulu sunumlar: "Turkish phonetics Ebru Arısoy Levent Arslan Mine Nakipoglu Demiralp Hazım Kemal Ekenel Meltem Kelepir Hasan Mesut Meral A. Sumru Özsoy Ömer Şayli Oytun."— Sunum transkripti:

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2 Turkish phonetics Ebru Arısoy Levent Arslan Mine Nakipoglu Demiralp Hazım Kemal Ekenel Meltem Kelepir Hasan Mesut Meral A. Sumru Özsoy Ömer Şayli Oytun Türk Beste Can Yolcu With special thanks to M.A.Kılıç for MR images of vowels.

3 Speech sounds: Vowels (Least obstruction to air stream) Consonants: voiced voiceless voiced voiceless

4 Vowels: Parameters: Parameters: –Position of the tongue –Height of the tongue –Lip rounding –Length –Duration

5 Position of the tongue: Front vowels: /i/,/ü/,/e/,/ö/  /i/ Front vowels: /i/,/ü/,/e/,/ö/  /i/ Back vowels: /ı/,/u/,/a/,/o/  /ı/ Back vowels: /ı/,/u/,/a/,/o/  /ı/

6 Height of the tongue: High vowels: /i/,/ü/,/ı/,/u/  /i/ High vowels: /i/,/ü/,/ı/,/u/  /i/ Mid vowels: /e/,/ö/,/o/  /o/ Mid vowels: /e/,/ö/,/o/  /o/ Low vowel: /a/  /a/ Low vowel: /a/  /a/

7 Lip rounding: Unrounded vowels: /i/,/ı/,/e/,/a/  /e/ Unrounded vowels: /i/,/ı/,/e/,/a/  /e/ Rounded vowels: /ü/,/u/,/ö/,/o/  /ö/ Rounded vowels: /ü/,/u/,/ö/,/o/  /ö/

8 Vowels: (MRI images) (MR images supplied by M.A. KILIÇ)

9 Length: Short vowels: /ı/,/u/,/a/,/o/, /i/,/ü/,/e/,/ö/ Short vowels: /ı/,/u/,/a/,/o/, /i/,/ü/,/e/,/ö/ –arı, olan, ine Long vowels: /ı/,/u/,/a/,/o/, /i/,/ü/,/e/,/ö/ Long vowels: /ı/,/u/,/a/,/o/, /i/,/ü/,/e/,/ö/ –ağrı, oğlan, iğne

10 Durational statistics: Short duration vowels: Short duration vowels: –/i/,/ü/,/ı/,/u/ Long duration vowels: Long duration vowels: –/a/,/e/,/o/,/ö/

11 Consonants: Consonant Chart of Turkish _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ labio alveo- labio alveo- bilabial dental dental alveolar palatal palatal velar glottal bilabial dental dental alveolar palatal palatal velar glottal_________________________________________________________________________________________________________ voiceless p t c k voiceless p t c kstops--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- voiced b d  g voiced b d  g_________________________________________________________________________________________________________ voiceless f s š h voiceless f s š hfricatives----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- voiced v z ž voiced v z ž_________________________________________________________________________________________________________ voiceless č voiceless čaffricates---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- voiced jˇ ˇ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ voiced jˇ ˇ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ nasal m n _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ lateral l ł lateral l ł liquids ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- retroflex r retroflex r_________________________________________________________________________________________________________ glide j _________________________________________________________________________________________________________

12 Consonants: Allophones of Turkish Consonantal Phonemes _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ labioalveo- labioalveo- bilabial dental dental alveolar palatal palatal velar glottal bilabial dental dental alveolar palatal palatal velar glottal_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ p h pil t h top c h kâr-kir k h kar p h pil t h top c h kâr-kir k h kar voiceless p toprak t atkı c ekmek k aktar voiceless p toprak t atkı c ekmek k aktar stops ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- voiced b bol d dal  rüzgar-gel g gaga voiced b bol d dal  rüzgar-gel g gaga_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ voiceless ф ufuk f fils sis š şan ç his x sabah h hayır voiceless ф ufuk f fils sis š şan ç his x sabah h hayır fricatives ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- voiced β bavul v verz siz ž jale voiced β bavul v verz siz ž jale _____________________ duvar _____________________________________________________________________________________________ voiceless č çan voiceless č çan affricates ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- voiced jˇ can voiced jˇ can_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ nasal m masa  şamfıstığ ı n nine  yenge  banka _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ lateral l lale-il ł kal lateral l lale-il ł kal liquids ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- retroflex r  r̻ retroflex r  r̻ ___________________________________________________ rol ara bir ___________________________________________________________ glide j sayı _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

13 Consonants: Parameters: Parameters: Place of articulation Place of articulation Manner of articulation Manner of articulation State of glottis State of glottis

14 Place of articulation: Bilabials: /p/,/b/,/m/ Bilabials: /p/,/b/,/m/ Labiodentals: /f/,/v/ Labiodentals: /f/,/v/ Denti-alveolars: /t/,/d/,/l/ Denti-alveolars: /t/,/d/,/l/ Alveolars: /s/,/z/,/n/,/r/ Alveolars: /s/,/z/,/n/,/r/ Alveopalatals: /š/,/ž/,/č/jˇ/ Alveopalatals: /š/,/ž/,/č/jˇ/ (şal,jale,çan,can) (şal,jale,çan,can) Palatals: /j/,/c/,/  / Palatals: /j/,/c/,/  / (yarın,kağıt,rüzgar) (yarın,kağıt,rüzgar) Velars: /k/,/g/, /ł/ Velars: /k/,/g/, /ł/ (kal,gar,kalın) (kal,gar,kalın) Glottal: /h/ Glottal: /h/ Reference: http://www.ling.lancs.ac.uk/chimp/101/phonetics/pic.htm Reference: http://www.ling.lancs.ac.uk/chimp/101/phonetics/pic.htm

15 Manner of articulation Obstruents: (Most obstruction of air flow) Obstruents: (Most obstruction of air flow) Plosives: /p/,/b/,/t/,/d/,/c/,/  /,/k/,/g/ Fricatives: /f/,/v/,/s/,/z/,/š/,/ž/ Affricates: /č/,/ jˇ/ Sonorants: (Less obstruction of air flow) Sonorants: (Less obstruction of air flow) Nasals: /m/,/n/ Liquids: /l/,/ł/,/r/ Glide: /j/ (yarın)

16 State of glottis: Voiceless: /p/,/t/,/c/,/k/,/f/,/s/, /š/, /č/,/h/ Voiceless: /p/,/t/,/c/,/k/,/f/,/s/, /š/, /č/,/h/ Voiced: /b/,/d/,/  /,/g/, /v/,/z/,/ž/,/jˇ/, /m/,/n/,/l/,/ł/,/r/,/j/ Voiced: /b/,/d/,/  /,/g/, /v/,/z/,/ž/,/jˇ/, /m/,/n/,/l/,/ł/,/r/,/j/

17 Examples: Kar Kar Kar Kar Rüzgar Gar Rüzgar Gar

18 Examples: Ufuk Fil Ufuk Fil

19 Examples: KavunDuvar KavunDuvar Ver Ver

20 Examples: Bir Ara Bir Ara Rol Rol

21 Examples: LaleKal LaleKal Gel Gel

22 EGG signals: Original: EGG: Original: EGG: