Plan Radyasyon Tipleri Yarı ömür Fisyon (Çekirdek Parçalanması) Füzyon (Çekirdek Kaynaşması) Zincir Reaksiyon Nükleer Silahlar

Temel Parçaçıklar X A Z Kütle Numarası Proton Sayısı A Z 1p1p 1 1H1H 1, proton 1n1n 0 nötron 0e0e 00, elektron 0e0e +1 00, Beta (pozitron) 4 He 2 44 2,  taneciği

Determining Half Lives and Dating Uranium-238 Dating 238 U 206 Pb   t ½ = 4.51 x 10 9 years Radiocarbon Dating 14 N + 1 n 14 C + 1 H C 14 N + 0  t ½ = 5730 years

Fisyon Olayı Atom Bombası Nükleer Santraller

Ne kadar enerji elde ediyoruz? 1 g 235 U= 9x10 7 kj 1 g kömür= 34 kj 1g TNT= 2,8 kj

Chain Reaction

Nuclear Fission Schematic diagram of a nuclear fission reactor

The first atom bomb test at the Trinity site in Alamogordo, New Mexico

nuclear bomb crater at nevada

Little Boy-Hiroşimaya atıldı Fat Man-Nagazakiye atıldı Nagazaki Semaları

Füzyon Olayı Hidrojen Bombası

Nükleer Füzyon 2 H + 3 H 4 He + 1 n Güneş ve Yıldızlarda meydana gelir Energy

2 H + 2 H 3 H + 1 H Fusion ReactionEnergy Released 2 H + 3 H 4 He + 1 n Li + 2 H 2 4 He x J 2.8 x J 3.6 x J Sta ge Temperature KReactions 110,000,000H  He 2100,000,000He  C & O 3500,000,000C & O  Si 45,000,000,000Si  Fe Fusion reactions in stars First generation stars –From products of Big Bang Protons, electrons and residual neutrons –Fusion up to Fe –Supernova Second generation stars –From products of supernova of first generation star –Our sun –fusion starting with H –Heavier elements on planets!!

Peki Füzyon Olayı Nükleer Santralde Kullanılıyor mu?

United States First nuclear test: 1945 Most recent nuclear test: 1992 Total tests: 1,030 (815 underground) Russia First nuclear test: 1949 Most recent nuclear test: 1990 Total tests: 715 (496 underground) United Kingdom First nuclear test: 1952 Most recent nuclear test: 1991 Total tests: 45 (24 underground) France First nuclear test: 1960 Most recent nuclear test: 1996 Total tests: 210 (160 underground) China First nuclear test: 1964 Most recent nuclear test: 1996 Total tests: 43 (22 underground) India First nuclear test: 1974 Most recent nuclear test: 1998 Total tests: 7 Pakistan First nuclear test: 1998 Most recent nuclear test: 1998 Total tests: 6 Israel No Nuclear Tests estimated nuclear weapons North Korea No Nuclear Tests 5-15 estimated nuclear weapons

Chernobyl Kazası