Creating Effective Visual Aids (AVs)

OUTLINE The rationale behind using AVs Tips for preparing effective AVs Preparing effective PowerPoint slides Sample AVs

Visual Aids Should… Supplement presentation Outline the main points Serve audience’s needs, not speaker’s Be simple and clear because...

The Purpose of Using Visual Aids ... AVs support your ideas improve audience comprehension add variety to presentation (a break from listening)

The Purpose of Using Visual Aids – cont. enliven a difficult / boring subject help illustrate complex ideas/concepts help the presenter to stick to the plan

Visual Aids - Examples PowerPoint Slides Overhead Transparencies Graphs/Charts Pictures Films/Video Flip Charts Sketches

Tips on Preparing Visual Aids

TIPS... Start with an outline of the goal Keep visual aids BRIEF Do not read AV directly (what you say vs. AV) Ask audience to read or listen, not both

TIPS... (cont.) Use charts and graphs Account for production time (both in planning and selection) Check relevance to topic Use charts and graphs Make sure graphics are not too crowded

TIPS...(cont.) Don't let handouts become a distraction Practice with AV Seek feedback on the clarity of your AV Check grammar and spelling

Making PowerPoint Slides Avoiding the Pitfalls of Bad Slides

ADVANTAGES OF POWERPOINT SLIDES Professional image Minimal expense Compact and portable

ADVANTAGES OF POWERPOINT SLIDES (cont.) Easy to email sort and practice edit insert graphics share

ADVANTAGES OF POWERPOINT SLIDES (cont.) Can be printed copied provided as handout material Many options: animation video clips sound

DISADVANTAGES OF POWERPOINT SLIDES Equipment not always available Technology being the focus - not content or presenter Noisy projector —distracting Need of a darkened room

Tips to be Covered Outlines Slide Structure Fonts Color Background Spelling and Grammar Conclusions Questions

Outline 1st or 2nd slide ---- outline Only main points on the outline slide Ex: Use the titles of each slide as main points

Slide Structure 1-2 slides per minute Point / bullet form (no complete sent.) 4-5 points per slide Key words and phrases only

Slide Structure - Bad This page contains too many words for a presentation slide. It is not written in point form, making it difficult both for your audience to read and for you to present each point. Although there are exactly the same number of points on this slide as the previous slide, it looks much more complicated. In short, your audience will spend too much time trying to read this paragraph instead of listening to you.

Slide Structure – Good Showing one point at a time will: help audience concentrate on what you are saying prevent audience from reading ahead help you keep your presentation focused

Slide Structure - Animation Do not use distracting animation Do not go overboard with the animation Be consistent with the animation that you use

Fonts - Good Use at least an 18-point font Use different size fonts for main points and secondary points this font: 28-point main point font: 30-point title font: 42-point Use a standard font like Times New Roman or Arial

Fonts - Bad Don’t use a complicated font If you use a small font, your audience won’t be able to read what you have written CAPITALIZE ONLY WHEN NECESSARY. IT IS DIFFICULT TO READ Don’t use a complicated font

Color - Good Use a color of font that contrasts sharply with the background Ex: blue font on white background Use color to reinforce the logic of your structure Ex: light blue title and dark blue text Use color to emphasize a point But use this only occasionally

Color - Bad Using a font color that does not contrast with the background color is hard to read Using color for decoration is distracting and annoying. Using a different color for each point is unnecessary Using a different color for secondary points is also unnecessary Trying to be creative can also be bad

Background - Good Use backgrounds such as this one (attractive but simple) Use backgrounds which are light Use the same background consistently

Background – Bad Avoid backgrounds that are distracting or difficult to read from Always be consistent with the background that you use

Graphs Use graphs rather than just charts and words Data - easier to comprehend & retain Trends - easier to visualize

Spelling and Grammar Proofread your slides for: speling mistakes the use of of repeated words grammatical errors you might have make Have someone else check your presentation!

Conclusion Use an effective and strong closing Audience is likely to remember your last words Use a conclusion slide to: Summarize the main points Suggest future avenues of research

Questions?? End with a simple question slide to: Invite your audience to ask questions Provide a visual aid during question period Avoid ending a presentation abruptly

SAMPLE SLIDES

bir şekilde düzenleyin WHAT TO DO IN PRESENTATIONS Konuşmanızı düzenli ve tutarlı bir şekilde düzenleyin Dinleyicileriniz ile göz teması içinde bulunun ve beden dilinize dikkat edin. Sunumunuzun ana hatlarını öğretim üyesi/ uzman kişiye sunum öncesi verin Adınızı, soyadınızı ve konumunuzu vererek kendinizi tanıtın Konuşmanızı en az üç kez prova edin Görsel malzemelerinizle sözlü anlatımınız arasında denge olmasına dikkat edin Her bölümün başlığının yeterince açıklayıcı olmalıdır Sesinizin vurgularında ve tonlamada önem ve tekrarlama için içeriğe uygun değişiklikler yapın Zamanınızı iyi kullanın

THINGS TO AVOID IN PRESENTATIONS Gösterilen PP slayt'ta yazılı olan metindeki cümlelerin tıpa tıp aynısını konuşmanızda kullanmayın Sunum boyunca kartlar üzerindeki notlarınızdan okumayın Çok hızlı, çok yavaş, ya da okuma biçiminde monoton bir şekilde konuşmayın. Dinleyicilere sırtınızı dönmeyin Görsel malzemeyle ilgili olmayan bir konudan bahsetmeyin Görsel malzemeyi çok fazla yazılı metinle, resimlerle veya çok farklı renklerle doldurmayın Kolay okunmayan görsel malzeme kullanmayın THINGS TO AVOID IN PRESENTATIONS

Görsel-İşitsel Araçların İzleyici önünde Kullanımı Görsel malzemelerinizi güvenli bir şekilde kullanarak, dinleyicilerinize tablolarda, slaytlarda veya saydamlardaki bilgileri kavramaları için zaman tanıyın. Sunumunuzda gerekli olduğunu düşünerek işitsel malzeme ya da video kasetlerden yararlandığınızda, kullanım sırasında zaman kaybetmemeye dikkat edin.

Alcohol, drugs and fatigue 30% of the injured driver are under the influence of ALCOHOL fatigue: the legisltion is now only for professional drivers driving while drugged: is increasing in recent years methods for testing have to be developed on medical drugs that affect the driving skills, the information is provided

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