COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS

SINGULAR (Tekil) PLURAL (Çoğul) COUNT COUNTABLE (Sayılabilen) UNCOUNTABLE (Sayılamayan) SINGULAR (Tekil) PLURAL (Çoğul)

COUNTABLE NOUNS SINGULAR PLURAL A FORK TWO FORKS AN EGG FOUR EGGS A GLASS EIGHT GLASSES SINGULAR PLURAL

We can count countable nouns. They have singular and plural forms.

“add an “s” or “es” to the end of the word” COUNTABLE REGULAR COUNTABLE NOUNS IRREGULAR COUNTABLE NOUNS “add an “s” or “es” to the end of the word” Dog dogs Apple apples Bus buses City cities knife knives man men mouse mice child children foot feet  tooth teeth person people

UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS BREAD MILK CAKE MEAT CHOCOLATE CHEESE

a carton of milk a piece of cake a slice of bread a litre of juice A bar of chocolate a kilo of meat a packet of sugar a can of coke A cup of coffee a bowl of cereal a loaf of bread a glass of tea

We can NOT count uncountable nouns. We can not use a,an,or numbers before uncountable nouns. They have only singular forms so they always take singular verbs. (is,has etc.)

Miktar Belirten Kelimeler

MUCH MANY A LOT OF A FEW A LITTLE SOME ANY

There isn't much sugar in my tea. Is there much sugar in your tea? "much" sayılamayan isimlerle (uncountable nouns ) olumsuz ve soru cümlelerinde kullanılır.

There aren't many cinemas in our city. Are there many cinemas ? "many" with sayılabilen isimlerle (countable nouns) olumsuz ve soru cümlelerinde kullanılır.

There are a lot of apples There is a lot of snow outside. "a lot of" hem sayılamayan (uncountable) hem de sayılabilen (countable nouns) olumlu cümlelerde kullanılır.

There are a few cinemas in this city. "a few" sayılabilen isimlerle kullanılır.

There is a little butter on my bread. "a little" sayılamayan isimlerle kullanılır.

*SOME* Hem Sayılabilen hem de sayılamayn isimlerle kullanılır. Sayılabilen isimlerle birlikte kullanıldığında birkaç, sayılamayan isimlerle kullanıldığında ise biraz anlamlarına gelir. There are some children in front of your house. There is some water in the bottle.  Would you like some more orange juice?  May I have some of your pens? 

*ANY* Hem sayılabilen hem de sayılamayn isimlerle kullanılır  Any kelimesi yalnızca olumsuz ve soru cümlelerinde kullanılır. There aren't any students in the classroom. (Sınıfta hiç öğrenci yok.)  Are there any cars in the garage? (Garajda hiç araba var mı?) Have you got any money in your purse? (Cüztdanında hiç para var mı?  Don't you eat any butter for breakfast? (Kahvaltıda hiç tereyağı yemez misin?)

HOW MUCH? HOW MANY?

"How many cigarettes do you smoke a day? How much ……? (Ne kadar ...?) "How much money have you got?" We need some tea. How much do we need? How many ……? (Kaç tane...?) "How many cigarettes do you smoke a day? "How many newspapers do you read every day?"