YÖK’te Etik İlkeler Ethical Principles in Higher Education MHD BASHAR ALREFAEı Y

Definitions, Values and Principles  Ethics: Guiding values, principles and standards that guide the behavior of individuals, institutions and professionals, and help in determining good and correct.  Academic Ethics: Academician means to comply with the rules of ethical conduct at every stage of the process of raising scientists through the structuring, presentation and evaluation of scientific studies, the community's involvement with different stakeholders, the rewarding and upgrading stages, the structuring of science boards and universities based on scientific competence.  Plagiarism / Information Defiance: To submit and publish the ideas, methods, data, works and publications of others in whole or in part, without making the necessary references in accordance with scientific procedures, without reference to the source or appropriately authorized.  Fiction: Presenting non-existent data and results as if they existed.  Misleading / Deceptive: Deliberately altering data and / or results, hiding and / or distorting data.

Definitions, Values and Principles  Double Broadcast: Publishing the same scientific work in multiple publications as if it were published differently without reference to the whole source.  Dividing Publishing: Republishing a work done by dividing it in order to increase the number of publications.  Pseudo / Unauthorized Authoring: To intentionally appear / appear as an author without an active contribution in a study (design of researcher, collection of data, evaluation, publication preparation and publication); to include it in the writer's name using his influence when it is not active contribution.

Definitions, Values and Principles  Author custody: Do not include names among authors when a writer contributes to the work.  Informed Consent: To obtain consent from the volunteers seeking to participate in the investigation without informing them appropriately about the steps, possible consequences, risks and the right to withdraw from the survey.  Violation of the voluntary participation policy: To force students or other participating groups to participate in the survey.  Violation of the privacy policy: To share personal or corporate data obtained from participants without legal obligation or without permission, not to preserve the identities of participants in the survey.

Basic Principles in Science of Ethics  It is an inevitable necessity to have the "Fundamental Principles in Science of Ethics" as your priority in ethics at higher education institutions, which are at the beginning of their primary task of producing and teaching science. These principles constitute the basis of the "Press Announcement on Scientific Ethics" dated by the Turkish Academy of Sciences (TÜBA) (TÜBA Scientific Ethics Committee, 2002).  Truthfulness  The data are obtained only from real experiments and observations carried out by scientific methods. In the evaluation of the data, the interpretation and the theoretical conclusions can not be derived from the scientific methods. The results obtained by these methods can not be diverted; unrecognized results can not be shown as research results.

Basic Principles in Science of Ethics  Loss of Scientific Research  It is necessary for the researcher to be informed clearly about the possible risks and for the participation decision to participate in the experiment freely without any influence and pressure. It is essential that you do not damage the test subjects, the experimenters, the environment and the human health. During studies on animals, it is important to observe that the animal is not suffered and suffered unnecessarily.  Liability and Rights  Scientists are obliged to inform the public about the results of the research and to warn of possible harmful practices. According to their own conscience, it is the scientists' right not to participate in the harmful results and the researches which may lead to the applications which they do not approve.

Basic Principles in Science of Ethics  writers  The results of the research are published with the names of all the researchers. The names of persons who have not contributed effectively to the design, planning, execution and preparation of the research during the research phase can not be included among the author names.  References and Suggestions  Any work published in scientific publications or in the general public for any articles, compilations, books and similar publications that are published or unpublished shall be used as a source in accordance with scientific publishing rules. No works other than universally recognized science theories, mathematical theorems, and proofs can be published in whole or in part without permission and without translation or original form without showing the actual source.

Basic Principles in Science of Ethics  Ethics in Humanities and Academic Activities  Scientists accept scientific literacy as a basic criterion in all stages of their academic life and in tasks related to teaching, administration and academic evaluations, do not go beyond the rules of ethics and do not tolerate the escape of these rules. Inadequate training, copying, academic progress and reward juries are not acceptable for admitting people, favoring people and so on.