Mustafa kemal atatürk

NAME: GÖKSU SURNAME:TİKENCİLİ CLASS:9/A NUMBER:473 SUBJECT: MUSTAFA KEMAL ATATÜRK’S LİFE TEACHER’S NAME:MEHLİKA YILDIZ

Atatürk’s full name is Mustafa Kemal Atatürk Atatürk’s full name is Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. He was born in Salonica in 1881. His father was Ali Rıza and his mother was Zübeyde. Atatürk‘s four of five siblings died at young ages. Only Makbule lived until 1956. When Mustafa was a school-age school, he started to study at Hafız Mehmet Efendi Local School. Then, he transferred to Şemsi Efendi School at his father’s instigation. Then he lost his father in 1888. He started Military High School (Askeri Rüştiye) in 1893. His mathematics teacher added “Kemal” to his name. He went to Samsun in 19th May 1919 and war of independence started. He was given the surname “Atatürk” by Grand National Assembly of Turkey in 1934. He died on 10th November 1938.

Education Life of Atatürk Mustafa Kemal Atatürk started his education life in 1887 in Thessaloniki, in the neighborhood school. A few days later, he moved from the neighborhood school to Şemsi Efendi School. Later, he enrolled in the Thessaloniki Rustiye, which provides education with a modern understanding of education. He left this school after his father’s death. Later, between 1893-1895, he started to receive secondary education at the Thessaloniki Military Junior High School for military training. His teachers and friends would see Mustafa Kemal as a mature and intelligent child. He stood out among his friends for his intelligence and talent.

After his education in Thessaloniki Military High School, Mustafa Kemal continued his education in Manastir Military High School on 13 March 1896. It should be noted that in addition to the importance Mustafa Kemal attaches to military education, he also attaches great importance to foreign language learning. Returning to Thessaloniki in the summer, Mustafa Kemal was taking French lessons here. Mustafa Kemal, who successfully completed the Manastir Military High School, entered the Military Academy in Istanbul on March 13, 1899. Here, too, he continued his success and left with the rank of lieutenant. Atatürk continued his education in the Military Academy and became a lieutenant in 1903. On January 11, 1905, he graduated from the Military Academy with the rank of Staff Captain. Mustafa Kemal has been a distinguished person at the Military School and the Military Academy by his teachers with his abilities and personality. He was very interested in his lessons in military service and besides this field, he also had a great interest in literature and the art of eloquence. He showed himself as an enlightened and revolutionary officer in terms of expressing his thoughts about the country easily.

Military Career of Atatürk With his military training, Atatürk achieved many important victories and gained important experiences for the War of Independence. Atatürk joined the 5th army in Damascus, where he was assigned as a staff captain. It should be noted that when it comes to military strategies and views, Ataturk advocated the separation of the army and politics. So much so that when Atatürk, who first founded the Homeland and Freedom Association, faced the Committee of Union and Progress, he closed it and united it with the Committee of Union and Progress. However, Atatürk left this society due to the fact that the Committee of Union and Progress was interested in politics.

Some of his victories are as follows; March 31 Incident: It is a revolt against the Constitutional Monarchy. People opposed to innovations started the rebellion. An army was formed in Thessaloniki to suppress this revolt. Atatürk is the chief of staff of this army. The event was overcome with a great victory. Tripoli Period: Atatürk, who was sent to the region because the Italians took Tripoli, came here under the guise of a journalist. He brought the people together for struggle. In this way, a great victory was achieved against the Italians. As a result, the rank of Atatürk has risen to the rank of major. World War I: Atatürk achieved important successes by fighting on important fronts in this war. The fronts he served are; The Çanakkale front, the Syrian front and the Caucasian front. The victory at the Çanakkale front is very valuable for Atatürk. With this victory, he rose to the rank of colonel and became a leader who is respected by the country. War of Independence: Atatürk, who fought on different fronts in this period, finally took the title of commander-in-chief in the Battle of Dumlupinar, and saved the country at the head of the army and recorded a great victory.

Atatürk’s Ranks He became a lieutenant in 1902. He was promoted to the rank of captain on 11th January 1905. His rank was changed to lieutenant colonel in 1914. He became a colonel in 1915. He was promoted to the rank of major general in 1st April 1916. He became the general of the army in 1921.

Independence War of Turkish Nation and Atatürk Grand National Assembly of Turkey, an important step towards the establishment of the Republic of Turkey was founded on 23 April 1920. With the election of Mustafa Kemal as the chairman of the assembly, the parliament adopted the laws necessary for victory in the War of Independence and started to implement them. The Turkish War of Independence started on May 15, 1919. According to the Treaty of Sevres, the states that won the First World War shared the Ottoman Empire among them. The first fight against these states was fought with militia forces known as Kuva- yi Milliye. Then, with Turkey’s Grand National Assembly to establish a regular army, integrating these militias and the army emerged victorious from the war.

The important stages of war in this period are as follows; Liberation of Sarıkamış (20 September 1920), Kars (30 October 1920) and Gümrü (7 November 1920). Çukurova, Gaziantep, Kahramanmaraş Şanlıurfa defenses (1919-1921) First İnönü Victory (6 -10 January 1921) II. İnönü Victory (23 March-1 April 1921) Sakarya Victory (23 August-13 September 1921) Great Offensive, Commander-in-Chief Battle and Great Victory (26 August 9 September 1922)

Let’s remember some important sentences of Mustafa Kemal; “Sovereignty unconditionally belongs to the people” “Peace at home, peace in the world”

Political Career of Atatürk The revolutions of Atatürk during his political life are as follows; Abolition of the Ottoman sultanate (1 November 1922) Declaration of the Turkish Republic (29 October 1923) Abolishment of the Caliphate (3 March 1924) Adoption of the Civil Code (17 February 1926) Abolition of Sects, Closure of Dervish Lodge and Mansions (30 November 1925) Acceptance of Secularism (1928-1937) Recognition of Women’s Rights (1930-1933 and 1934) Hat and Dress Act (November 25, 1925) Change in Calendar, Clock and Measures (1925 and 1931) Adoption of the Surname Act (21 June 1934) Education and Training Revolution (3 March 1924) The Letter Revolution (November 1, 1928) Language Revolution (12 July 1932)

Personal Life of Atatürk Atatürk’s Favorite Songs: Sarı Zeybek Mızıka Çalındı Düğün Mü Sandın Yanık Ömer Köroğlu Solağı Çökertmeden Çıktımda Halilim Kışlalar Doldu Bugün Havada Bulut Yok Mehrali Bey Ağıtı Dağlar Dağlar Alişimin Kaşları Kare Ata Barı Kırmızı Gülün Alı Var Sobalarında Guru da Meşe Yanıyor Efem

Atatürk’s favorite foods: Atatürk drank tea or coffee for breakfast, and did not eat much else. Some days he would complete his breakfast with cold buttermilk and a slice of bread. He also liked the cheese omelet very much. In addition to these, beans without meat and rice were one of his favorite dishes. Fava and asparagus were also among his favorite foods. Mustafa Kemal, who is not very close to dessert, distinguished semolina halva from the others and preferred it when he was going to eat dessert.

Dances that Atatürk loved: Atatürk liked to perform zeybek and waltz the most.

The names Atatürk described as his adoptive children are as follows; Children of Atatürk Sabiha Gökçen Ülkü Adatepe Ayşe Afet İnan Nebile İrdelp Rukiye Ergin Abdürrahim Tuncak Mustafa Demir (Sığırtmaç Mustafa) Zehra Aylin

Atatürk’s Principles Republicanism Nationalism Populism Statism Laicism Revolutionism

Atatürk’s Sayings Peace at home, peace in the world. Our true mentor in life is science. Sovereignty is not given, it is taken. Sovereignty, without any condition and reservation, belongs to the nation. Teachers are the one and only people who save nations.

REFERENCES https://www.fullofenglish.com/ingilizce-hayat-hikayeleri/ataturkun-hayati- ingilizce-ve-turkce/ https://www.getwordly.com/blog/ataturkun-hayati-ingilizce/